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On a hot day, several 12-year-olds are learning to swim at a park in Dhaka, the capital of Bangladesh. It is a rare sight to see an inflatable swimming pool on the grounds of the park.
For the past seven years, local swim instructors have taught about 360,000 children to swim. Many of the boys and girls come from nearby villages.
The swimming program is a service of a non-profit group called the Center for Injury Prevention and Research, Bangladesh. The center says it has taught over 2,700 instructors to obey international swimming guidelines.
Aminur Rahman is director of the International Drowning Research Center in Dhaka. He remembers one tragedy when a boy attempted to rescue his five-year-old brother from a pond.
"Then the villagers actually tried to search [for] the child and thought that he could be in the pond. So they use fishing net and unfortunately they got both the child from the water. They rescued the child by that time and both of them were dead. It was assumed they went to the pond for washing hands and feet and maybe the younger one may have fallen down in the pond and the older one who knew swimming but didn't know how to rescue others Maybe tried to rescue his younger, but unfortunately he couldn't do [it]. So it is a pity that both children drowned."
Bangladesh sits on one of the world's largest river deltas, above the Bay of Bengal. It is a country of ponds and other waterways.
Dr. Rahman says people often do not think of water as a threat because it is so close to many homes.
"Somebody says, we used to swim here, we go for bathing, washing, everything nothing happened. And sometimes they often say that it's God's will we cannot protect him. If the luck is that he will drown, he'll drown [and we] have nothing to do with that. This kind of misperception actually exists in the community."
Most drowning deaths happen when unsupervised children fall into ponds within 20 meters of their homes.
In recent years, child health has improved in Bangladesh. Deaths from diarrhea and pneumonia have dropped sharply. The two are the largest killers of children in many developing countries. However, there was no reduction in drowning deaths in Bangladesh.
Most drowning victims are from poor, uneducated families in rural areas. Many children walk around nearby fields, roads and ponds on their own.
At a school in Dhaka, 12-year-old Halima Sadia Tina recalled learning to swim.
"Now I can swim. When I went to my village house, I swim in that area and now I can swim better. The children who lived in rural areas they don't know what is kick, float, glide and other systemic way of swimming."
Thirteen-year-old Rezul Islam says learning to kick was the most difficult part.
"The first time I was scared but after some time I became normal with the water. Now I can save myself from drowning and also I can save other children's life."
A paper in the journal Pediatrics reported that in three years of the program, drownings among children between five and nine years old dropped 48 percent.
With each child who grows confident in the water, Bangladesh makes progress against a preventable public health threat.
In October last year, Hurricane Sandy hit the northeast coast of America, causing devastation to much of New York. I'm Isabel Hilton and I've been to New York to look at the lessons the city has learned from Sandy and how it might cope with future floods and storms. This is The Drowning City. If you stand here in Battery Park at the very tip of Manhattan, you get, amongst other things, a great view of New York Harbour and the Statue of Liberty. This is where New York story began. But now it's facing an uncertain future. Just four months ago, after Hurricane Sandy ripped into New York, this park was under ten feet of water. Sandy, combined with steadily rising sea levels, had a devastating effect. It killed more than 100 people along the coast, destroying houses, flooding streets and subways and knocking out the power to over 8 million customers for days. "Some people died. Some people lost their property. Some people lost their businesses. People died at Breezy Point where houses were overwhelmed, where houses were burnt, you know, some people didn't get out." "When you put entire Wall Street out of business for days, that's vulnerable. When you have schools over hundreds of square miles not operating, that's vulnerable. Cell communication was down. Internet was down. People were killed because there're trees came crashing down on their houses. That's very vulnerable."
去年10月，飓风桑迪席卷美国东北海岸，对纽约市大部分地区造成重创。我是伊莎贝尔·希尔顿。我曾前往纽约，去了解这座城市通过桑迪吸取了什么教训，在未来又将如何应对洪水和风暴。本期节目是《溺水之城》。 如果你站在这里，在炮台公园，曼哈顿的末端尖角，诸多事物会映入你的眼帘，尤以纽约港与自由女神像的壮丽景象为最。这里是纽约故事开始的地方，但如今它未来的前景却阴晴难测。就在4个月前，当飓风桑迪长驱直入纽约时，这座公园被淹没在10英尺的积水之下。桑迪的到来伴随着海平面大幅上升，两者结合，产生了毁灭性的影响。沿海岸有100多人丧命，房屋被毁，街道和地铁被淹，电力也中断了，导致超过8百万用户停电数日之久。 “有的人被夺去了生命，有的人流离失所，还有的生意人失去了生计。在微风点，房屋被洪水淹没，许多楼房起火，你知道，有人来不及逃出去，就这样丧命了。” “当整个华尔街停业数日，这是脆弱的表现。当数百平方英里上的学校全都停课，这是脆弱的表现。手机信号中断，网络中断。住宅旁的树倒下来压垮房屋，致人死命，这样的状况太不堪一击了。”
On average, every hour of every day more than 40 people drown around the world.
每天每小时全世界平均有40多人死于溺水。
That's 372,000 fatalities annually.
每年死亡人数达37.2万人。
Drownings are one of the top 10 killers of kids and young adults, with the highest rate of drowning deaths among children under five years of age.
溺水已经成为造成儿童及青年死亡的十大杀手之一，而5岁以下儿童溺水的死亡率最高。
So finds the World Health Organization's first global report on drowning, which they call a “neglected public health issue.”
因此世界卫生组织发布的全球首份有关溺水问报告中称其为“被忽视的公共健康隐患。”
The just-published analysis represents the first global snapshot of a problem which especially hits low-and middle-income nations.
这份新公布的报告体现世界首次将焦点集中在尤其是事件频发的中低收入国家。
Drownings have become more rare in the U.S. in recent years, but the latest figures from the CDC indicate that even in the states some 3,800 people die by unintentional drowning each year.
溺水问题近几年在美国已经非常少见，但疾病控制中心的最新数据表明即使在美国每年也有约3800人死于溺水。
The WHO analysis finds that globally males are twice as likely to die by drowning compared to females.
世卫组织发现全球溺水死亡的男性人数是女性的两倍。
Likely reasons include riskier behavior like swimming alone or drinking alcohol before engaging in water activities.
可能的原因包括独自一人游泳及水上活动前饮酒等一些高风险行为。
The report notes that local communities can take steps to help avert drowning deaths.
这份报告称当地社区可以采取措施避免溺水死亡事件的发生。
WHO recommends installing barriers around water and teaching swimming, proper water safety and rescue techniques.
世卫组织推荐在水域周围安装护栏、教授人们游泳、适当安全知识及救援技术。
At a national level, improved boating regulations, water safety policies and flood risk management would also help more people make it home safely.
从国家政府角度而言，改善船只管理政策、水域安全政策及洪水风险管理也都会将风险系数降到最低。
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